The concept of “grey belt” land has emerged as a solution to help deliver 1.5 million homes over the next five years. Labour’s proposal to ease the housing crisis includes developing poorer-quality areas of the green belt, now referred to as the “grey belt.” But what does this mean? Let’s break it down.
What is Green Belt Land?
Green belt land was established in the 1950s to limit the expansion of cities and towns. It serves as a barrier to prevent urban sprawl. Currently, the green belt covers almost 13% of England, making it nearly double the area that’s actually developed.
While most people imagine green belt land as picturesque countryside, this isn’t always the case. Many areas are underdeveloped or used for purposes like parking lots and wastelands. Despite this, green belt land has been very effective in limiting development. Building in these areas has reduced by 80%, but this has also led to higher housing prices, especially in nearby regions.
What is Grey Belt Land?
The “grey belt” refers to the poorer quality areas of the green belt that Labour wants to open up for development. These are not rolling hills or wildlife reserves but rather wastelands, car parks, and underused areas that don’t contribute to the original purposes of the green belt.
How is Grey Belt Defined?
Grey belt land includes areas that are previously developed or make limited contributions to the five main purposes of green belt land. These five purposes are:
- Preventing urban sprawl.
- Avoiding the merging of towns.
- Safeguarding the countryside.
- Preserving historic towns and their unique character.
- Supporting urban regeneration.
For land to qualify as grey belt, it shouldn’t strongly perform any of these roles. Land in these areas is often already surrounded by urban development or has little significance in stopping towns from merging.
Previously Developed Land
Previously developed land, or brownfield land, refers to land that was once used for industrial or commercial purposes. Currently, it’s possible to redevelop these areas, but restrictions on preserving the “openness” of the green belt limit what can be built. Labour’s plan will allow more intensive development of these areas, maximising their potential for new homes.
How Can Homes Be Built on Grey Belt Land?
Developers can build homes on grey belt land in two main ways:
- Through the local plan process: Councils plan development for the next 15 years, and some may prioritise grey belt areas.
- By meeting housing demand: If councils haven’t built 75% of the homes they promised in the last three years or don’t have enough housing land for the next five years, grey belt land becomes available for development.
The Golden Rules for Grey Belt Development
Labour has set out key rules for any grey belt development:
- At least 50% of the new homes must be affordable.
- Infrastructure like roads, schools, and healthcare should improve.
- New residents should have easy access to quality green spaces, either through upgrades to existing parks or the creation of new ones.
These rules aim to balance housing needs with community well-being. The focus on affordable housing and improved infrastructure will ensure that new developments benefit everyone.
What Happens Next?
Labour’s updated version of the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) will come into effect soon, setting these grey belt guidelines in motion. This change could unlock new land for development, helping to meet the demand for affordable homes and ease the housing crisis.
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